Brucellosis is found in various regions of the world:

• Mediterranean region
• Middle East
• Western Asia
• Parts of Africa
• Indian Subcontinent
• Australia
• Central and South America
• North America

Countries currently involved in the process of eradication are:

• United States of America
• Canada
• Australia

It is difficult to completely eradicate Brucellosis due to the presence of wildlife populations that act as reservoirs.

Brucellosis can be found in:

• Bison
• Elk
• Deer
• Coyotes
• Opossums
• Raccoons
• Moose
• Other wild and domesticated ruminants

However, there is no evidence that these species are a source of infection for cattle.

Incidence in Brazil

Brucellosis occurs all over the world, including Brazil. The last bovine brucellosis survey of Brazil was done in 1975 and estimated the percentage of seropositive animals at 4.0% in the South area, 7.5% in the Southeast area, 6.8% in the Midwest area, 2.5% in the Northeast area and 4.1% in the North area.

More recent surveys in other states revealed small changes in the prevalence of brucellosis: in Rio Grande do Sul the prevalence declined from 2.0%, in 1975, to 0.3% in 1986; in Santa Catarina it increased from 0.2%, in 1975, to 0.6% in 1996; in Mato Grosso do Sul the prevalence in 1998 was of 6.3% which is identical to the value found in 1975; in Minas Gerais it declined from 7.6% in 1975, to 6.7% in 1980; in Paraná, the prevalence in 1975 was of 9.6%, declining to 4.6% in 1989. The official data indicates that the prevalence of seropositive animals stayed between 4 and 5% between 1988 and 1998.